Which of the following conclusions is true regarding radiation exposure?

Ionizing radiation can cause cellular damage, which is why this conclusion is considered true. Ionizing radiation has enough energy to remove tightly bound electrons from atoms, which can lead to chemical changes in cells. This process can result in direct damage to DNA, potentially leading to mutations, cancer, and other health issues. The biological effects of ionizing radiation are well-documented, and even low levels of exposure can increase the risk of health problems over time.

In contrast to this understanding, other options suggest misconceptions about radiation. For instance, the belief that all forms of radiation have the same health risks does not account for the differences in energy levels and biological interactions between ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. Moreover, the claim that low doses of radiation pose no health risk overlooks the cumulative effects that can result from repeated or prolonged exposure. Lastly, the statement that radiation exposure is only dangerous in large amounts minimizes the significant health risks that can arise even from smaller doses, particularly when they accumulate or occur over time. Recognizing the distinct characteristics and risks associated with ionizing radiation is essential for understanding radiation protection and safety.